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Marxism, Freedom And The State

Bakunin, A. Mikhail 2004. Marxism, Freedom And The State. Kessinger Publishing

Tõlkinud ja eessõna on kirjutanud K. J. Kenafick, Michael Bakunin & Karl Marx-i autor. Tekst on saadaval ka veebis
With this view of liberty is linked Bakunin's view of authority, which he by no means equates with organisation and self-discipline, which, in themselves, he regarded as very desirable. What he meant by "authority", namely the right to command or to enforce obedience, was considered by him to be fundamentally of religious origin. The idea of an authoritarianism that it is out dury to obey authory, is dreived, according to his theory from religious origins, even when it has later taken political forms. Hence the opposition to religion, which takes a prominent position in his writings, much more so than in those of the Marxians, and which sometimes is rather violently expressed. (Kenafick, Foreword, 2004: 2)
Autoriteet kui õigus käsutada või jõustada kuulekust.
I mean that liberty of each individual which, far from halting as at a boundary before the liberty of others, finds there its confirmation and its extension to infinity; the illimitable liberty of each through the liberty of all, liberty by solidarity, liberty in equality; liberty triumphing over brute force and the principle of authority which was never anything but the idealised expression of that force, liberty which, after having overthrown all heavenly and earthly idols, will found and organise a new world, that of human solidarity, on the ruins of all Churches and all States. (Bakunin 2004: 13)/(Bakunin, Marxism, Freedom and the State, Ch. 1)
Toores jõud (loomalik/jõhker vägi?). Autoriteet on toore jõu idealiseerunud väljendus.
Forbidden fruit has such an attraction for men, and the demon of revolt, that eternal enemy of the State, awakens so easily in their hearts when they are not sufficiently stupified, that neither this education nor this instruction, nor even the censorship, sufficiently guarantee the tranquility of the State. It must still have a police, devoted agents who watch over and direct, secretly and unobtrusively, the current of the peoples opinions and passions. (Bakunin 2004: 23)/(Bakunin, Marxism, Freedom and the State, Ch. 3)
Siin kõneleb Bakunin sellest kuidas Marx pooldas tsensuuri ja kuidas on vajalik "ohtlikke mõtteid" mitte lubada valitsetava populatsiooni teadvusesse. See unobtrusive watching over and directing of opinions and passions on just see, mida tänapäeval omistatakse ideoloogilistele võimuoperatsioonidele. Diskursused ongi salapolitsei! :D
The solidarity which we ask, far from being the result of any artificial or authoritarian organisation whatsoever, can only be the spontaneous product of social life, economic as well as moral; the result of the free federation of common interest, aspirations and tendencies. It has for essential bases, equality, collective labour - becoming obligatory for each not by the force of law, but by the force of facts - and collective property; as a directing light, experience - that is to say the practice of the collective life; knowledge and learning; and as a final goal the establishment of Humanity, and consequently the ruin of all States. (Bakunin 2004: 41)/(Bakunin, Marxism, Freedom and the State, Ch. 5)
Solidaarsus kui üks anarhismi aluspõhimõtetest. Solidaarsus on siin ühiskondliku (majandusliku ja moraalse) elu spontaanne tulemus.

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